Aschaffenburg, May 6, 1880 - Davos, June 15, 1938
E 'was a painter, sculptor and engraver German.
In his youth he showed particular interest in art and primitive African, German painting of the sixteenth century, Japanese prints, sculpture, black and Polynesian, and contemporary authors such as Paul Gauguin and Vincent van Gogh, of which he was struck by the immediacy of expression and the use of psychological and symbolic colors.
From 1901 to 1905 he studied architecture in Dresden, where he became friends with three other students of architecture, Erich Heckel, Karl Schmidt-Rottluff and Fritz Bleyl, with whom in 1905 founded the group Die Brücke ("Bridge" in German ), one of the first groups of German Expressionism.
chose this name because they wanted a bridge to those elements of artistic ferment that was mixed in then the dominant art of the time.
In this period of Kirchner's works, mainly landscapes and portraits, are characterized by formal simplifications, contoured and color lying in a bright space naturalistic style similar to that of the Fauves, full of vitality instinctive. Only after 1911 will be found in a stiffening of the contour deformation acres and will be treated more and more topical themes.
Kirchner lived in Dresden until 1911, then moved to Berlin where he came into contact with the artists of the Blaue Reiter. Later he moved to Monaco.
This will be the most characteristic of its production period street scenes with cabaret, nervous stroke from portraits and brief and decisive and sharp characterization; His style is becoming more dramatic, with severe deformities and convulsive rhythms. In this evolution can be traced contact with new artistic movements, including Cubism and Art Nouveau.
addition to landscapes and portraits he painted urban images, with large layers of color taking vigorous independent value, like the shapes and sizes, and reminiscent of Gauguin and the wild brush strokes of Van Gogh
In particular, in urban images curves and the lines are irregular shapes, to emphasize the contrast between the countryside and the great city, whose frantic vitality approached the psychological interest in sexual matters and social controversy.
In 1913 the group Die Brücke was dissolved because of considerable controversy and rivalry arose within it.
With the outbreak of World War Kirchner he enlisted, but in 1915 he suffered a nervous breakdown fortissimo, whose consequences would have haunted for the rest of life.
After the war he moved to Davos, Switzerland, where he continued to suffer from depression despite the growing success of his solo shows.
In recent years, in contact with the impressive mountain scenery, its radical expressionism softens in a style that is becoming more abstract, not devoid of symbolic allusions.
After taking power in Nazi Germany, hundreds of his works were seized and removed from museums and many of them were first displayed in the exposition defamatory dell'Entartete Kunst ('art degenerate "in German) in 1937 and then destroyed.
These events, to which was added a sharp aggravation of physical condition, caused in him a strong shock.
Kirchner committed suicide June 15, 1938 in Davos.
http : / / it.wikipedia.org / wiki / Ernst_Ludwig_Kirchner
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